Pricing guides

Margin and markup are not the same number. Here's how to tell them apart, when to use each, and the conversion table you'll keep coming back to.

A step-by-step pricing guide for makers — covering materials, real labor, overhead, wholesale, and the psychology of charging what you're worth.

Listing, transaction, payment processing, offsite ads, currency conversion — every fee Etsy charges, what triggers it, and how it affects your take-home.

How to set a consulting rate from a target income, billable-hour realities, and when to switch to weekly or monthly retainers.

Add tax to a price, back tax out of a total, handle local rates, and figure out when you have to collect across state lines.

Benchmarks for stocks, real estate, marketing, hiring, and small business projects — plus how to set your own hurdle rate.

Fixed costs ÷ contribution margin, in plain language — plus how to find break-even in units, in revenue, and the lever that moves it most.

Total your real costs, pick the margin your business needs, sanity-check the market, and leave room to discount.

Three profit numbers, what each one tells you, and the three things that quietly destroy all of them.

What each letter means, the formula, a worked example, and where EBITDA flatters a business.

How buyers normalise profit, which multiple is defensible, and what pushes a valuation up or down.